Struct gio::MenuModel

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pub struct MenuModel { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

GMenuModel represents the contents of a menu — an ordered list of menu items. The items are associated with actions, which can be activated through them. Items can be grouped in sections, and may have submenus associated with them. Both items and sections usually have some representation data, such as labels or icons. The type of the associated action (ie whether it is stateful, and what kind of state it has) can influence the representation of the item.

The conceptual model of menus in GMenuModel is hierarchical: sections and submenus are again represented by GMenuModels. Menus themselves do not define their own roles. Rather, the role of a particular GMenuModel is defined by the item that references it (or, in the case of the ‘root’ menu, is defined by the context in which it is used).

As an example, consider the visible portions of this menu:

§An example menu

There are 8 ‘menus’ visible in the screenshot: one menubar, two submenus and 5 sections:

  • the toplevel menubar (containing 4 items)
  • the View submenu (containing 3 sections)
  • the first section of the View submenu (containing 2 items)
  • the second section of the View submenu (containing 1 item)
  • the final section of the View submenu (containing 1 item)
  • the Highlight Mode submenu (containing 2 sections)
  • the Sources section (containing 2 items)
  • the Markup section (containing 2 items)

The example illustrates the conceptual connection between these 8 menus. Each large block in the figure represents a menu and the smaller blocks within the large block represent items in that menu. Some items contain references to other menus.

§A menu example

Notice that the separators visible in the example appear nowhere in the menu model. This is because separators are not explicitly represented in the menu model. Instead, a separator is inserted between any two non-empty sections of a menu. Section items can have labels just like any other item. In that case, a display system may show a section header instead of a separator.

The motivation for this abstract model of application controls is that modern user interfaces tend to make these controls available outside the application. Examples include global menus, jumplists, dash boards, etc. To support such uses, it is necessary to ‘export’ information about actions and their representation in menus, which is exactly what the action group exporter and the menu model exporter do for ActionGroup and MenuModel. The client-side counterparts to make use of the exported information are DBusActionGroup and DBusMenuModel.

The API of GMenuModel is very generic, with iterators for the attributes and links of an item, see MenuModelExt::iterate_item_attributes() and MenuModelExt::iterate_item_links(). The ‘standard’ attributes and link types have predefined names: G_MENU_ATTRIBUTE_LABEL, G_MENU_ATTRIBUTE_ACTION, G_MENU_ATTRIBUTE_TARGET, G_MENU_LINK_SECTION and G_MENU_LINK_SUBMENU.

Items in a GMenuModel represent active controls if they refer to an action that can get activated when the user interacts with the menu item. The reference to the action is encoded by the string ID in the G_MENU_ATTRIBUTE_ACTION attribute. An action ID uniquely identifies an action in an action group. Which action group(s) provide actions depends on the context in which the menu model is used. E.g. when the model is exported as the application menu of a GtkApplication, actions can be application-wide or window-specific (and thus come from two different action groups). By convention, the application-wide actions have names that start with app., while the names of window-specific actions start with win..

While a wide variety of stateful actions is possible, the following is the minimum that is expected to be supported by all users of exported menu information:

  • an action with no parameter type and no state
  • an action with no parameter type and boolean state
  • an action with string parameter type and string state

§Stateless

A stateless action typically corresponds to an ordinary menu item.

Selecting such a menu item will activate the action (with no parameter).

§Boolean State

An action with a boolean state will most typically be used with a ‘toggle’ or ‘switch’ menu item. The state can be set directly, but activating the action (with no parameter) results in the state being toggled.

Selecting a toggle menu item will activate the action. The menu item should be rendered as ‘checked’ when the state is true.

§String Parameter and State

Actions with string parameters and state will most typically be used to represent an enumerated choice over the items available for a group of radio menu items. Activating the action with a string parameter is equivalent to setting that parameter as the state.

Radio menu items, in addition to being associated with the action, will have a target value. Selecting that menu item will result in activation of the action with the target value as the parameter. The menu item should be rendered as ‘selected’ when the state of the action is equal to the target value of the menu item.

This is an Abstract Base Class, you cannot instantiate it.

§Signals

§items-changed

Emitted when a change has occurred to the menu.

The only changes that can occur to a menu is that items are removed or added. Items may not change (except by being removed and added back in the same location). This signal is capable of describing both of those changes (at the same time).

The signal means that starting at the index @position, @removed items were removed and @added items were added in their place. If @removed is zero then only items were added. If @added is zero then only items were removed.

As an example, if the menu contains items a, b, c, d (in that order) and the signal (2, 1, 3) occurs then the new composition of the menu will be a, b, _, _, _, d (with each _ representing some new item).

Signal handlers may query the model (particularly the added items) and expect to see the results of the modification that is being reported. The signal is emitted after the modification.

§Implements

MenuModelExt, [trait@glib::ObjectExt]

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impl MenuModel

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pub const NONE: Option<&'static MenuModel> = None

Trait Implementations§

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impl Clone for MenuModel

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fn clone(&self) -> Self

Returns a copy of the value. Read more
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fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more
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impl Debug for MenuModel

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
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impl HasParamSpec for MenuModel

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type ParamSpec = ParamSpecObject

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type SetValue = MenuModel

Preferred value to be used as setter for the associated ParamSpec.
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type BuilderFn = fn(_: &str) -> ParamSpecObjectBuilder<'_, MenuModel>

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fn param_spec_builder() -> Self::BuilderFn

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impl Hash for MenuModel

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fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)
where H: Hasher,

Feeds this value into the given Hasher. Read more
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fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)
where H: Hasher, Self: Sized,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher. Read more
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impl Ord for MenuModel

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fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering

This method returns an Ordering between self and other. Read more
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fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self
where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the maximum of two values. Read more
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fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self
where Self: Sized,

Compares and returns the minimum of two values. Read more
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fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self
where Self: Sized + PartialOrd,

Restrict a value to a certain interval. Read more
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impl ParentClassIs for MenuModel

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impl<OT: ObjectType> PartialEq<OT> for MenuModel

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fn eq(&self, other: &OT) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
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fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
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impl<OT: ObjectType> PartialOrd<OT> for MenuModel

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fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &OT) -> Option<Ordering>

This method returns an ordering between self and other values if one exists. Read more
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fn lt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than (for self and other) and is used by the < operator. Read more
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fn le(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests less than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the <= operator. Read more
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fn gt(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than (for self and other) and is used by the > operator. Read more
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fn ge(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests greater than or equal to (for self and other) and is used by the >= operator. Read more
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impl StaticType for MenuModel

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fn static_type() -> Type

Returns the type identifier of Self.
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impl Eq for MenuModel

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impl IsA<MenuModel> for DBusMenuModel

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impl IsA<MenuModel> for Menu

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impl<T> Any for T
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where T: ?Sized,

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Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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where T: ObjectType, Self: IsA<T>,

Upcasts an object to a superclass or interface T. Read more
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Upcasts an object to a reference of its superclass or interface T. Read more
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where T: ObjectType, Self: MayDowncastTo<T>,

Tries to downcast to a subclass or interface implementor T. Read more
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where T: ObjectType, Self: MayDowncastTo<T>,

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Tries to cast to an object of type T. This handles upcasting, downcasting and casting between interface and interface implementors. All checks are performed at runtime, while upcast will do many checks at compile-time already. downcast will perform the same checks at runtime as dynamic_cast, but will also ensure some amount of compile-time safety. Read more
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where T: ObjectType,

Tries to cast to reference to an object of type T. This handles upcasting, downcasting and casting between interface and interface implementors. All checks are performed at runtime, while downcast and upcast will do many checks at compile-time already. Read more
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unsafe fn unsafe_cast<T>(self) -> T
where T: ObjectType,

Casts to T unconditionally. Read more
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unsafe fn unsafe_cast_ref<T>(&self) -> &T
where T: ObjectType,

Casts to &T unconditionally. Read more
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impl<T> From<T> for T

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fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

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impl<T> FromGlibContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *const GList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *const GPtrArray> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *const GSList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *mut GList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *mut GPtrArray> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *mut GSList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibPtrArrayContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *const GList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibPtrArrayContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *const GPtrArray> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibPtrArrayContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *const GSList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibPtrArrayContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *mut GList> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibPtrArrayContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *mut GPtrArray> for T

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impl<T> FromGlibPtrArrayContainerAsVec<<T as GlibPtrDefault>::GlibType, *mut GSList> for T

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impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where U: From<T>,

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fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

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impl<T> IntoClosureReturnValue for T
where T: Into<Value>,

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impl<U> IsSubclassableExt for U

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impl<O> MenuModelExt for O
where O: IsA<MenuModel>,

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fn item_attribute_value( &self, item_index: i32, attribute: &str, expected_type: Option<&VariantTy> ) -> Option<Variant>

Queries the item at position @item_index in @self for the attribute specified by @attribute. Read more
Queries the item at position @item_index in @self for the link specified by @link. Read more
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fn n_items(&self) -> i32

Query the number of items in @self. Read more
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fn is_mutable(&self) -> bool

Queries if @self is mutable. Read more
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fn items_changed(&self, position: i32, removed: i32, added: i32)

Requests emission of the #GMenuModel::items-changed signal on @self. Read more
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fn iterate_item_attributes(&self, item_index: i32) -> MenuAttributeIter

Creates a #GMenuAttributeIter to iterate over the attributes of the item at position @item_index in @self. Read more
Creates a #GMenuLinkIter to iterate over the links of the item at position @item_index in @self. Read more
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fn connect_items_changed<F: Fn(&Self, i32, i32, i32) + 'static>( &self, f: F ) -> SignalHandlerId

Emitted when a change has occurred to the menu. Read more
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impl<T> ObjectExt for T
where T: ObjectType,

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fn is<U>(&self) -> bool
where U: StaticType,

Returns true if the object is an instance of (can be cast to) T.
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fn type_(&self) -> Type

Returns the type of the object.
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fn object_class(&self) -> &Class<Object>

Returns the ObjectClass of the object. Read more
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fn class(&self) -> &Class<T>
where T: IsClass,

Returns the class of the object.
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fn class_of<U>(&self) -> Option<&Class<U>>
where U: IsClass,

Returns the class of the object in the given type T. Read more
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fn interface<U>(&self) -> Option<InterfaceRef<'_, U>>
where U: IsInterface,

Returns the interface T of the object. Read more
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fn set_property(&self, property_name: &str, value: impl Into<Value>)

Sets the property property_name of the object to value value. Read more
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fn set_property_from_value(&self, property_name: &str, value: &Value)

Sets the property property_name of the object to value value. Read more
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fn set_properties(&self, property_values: &[(&str, &dyn ToValue)])

Sets multiple properties of the object at once. Read more
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fn set_properties_from_value(&self, property_values: &[(&str, Value)])

Sets multiple properties of the object at once. Read more
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fn property<V>(&self, property_name: &str) -> V
where V: for<'b> FromValue<'b> + 'static,

Gets the property property_name of the object and cast it to the type V. Read more
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fn property_value(&self, property_name: &str) -> Value

Gets the property property_name of the object. Read more
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fn has_property(&self, property_name: &str, type_: Option<Type>) -> bool

Check if the object has a property property_name of the given type_. Read more
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fn property_type(&self, property_name: &str) -> Option<Type>

Get the type of the property property_name of this object. Read more
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fn find_property(&self, property_name: &str) -> Option<ParamSpec>

Get the ParamSpec of the property property_name of this object.
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fn list_properties(&self) -> PtrSlice<ParamSpec>

Return all ParamSpec of the properties of this object.
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fn freeze_notify(&self) -> PropertyNotificationFreezeGuard

Freeze all property notifications until the return guard object is dropped. Read more
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unsafe fn set_qdata<QD>(&self, key: Quark, value: QD)
where QD: 'static,

Set arbitrary data on this object with the given key. Read more
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unsafe fn qdata<QD>(&self, key: Quark) -> Option<NonNull<QD>>
where QD: 'static,

Return previously set arbitrary data of this object with the given key. Read more
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unsafe fn steal_qdata<QD>(&self, key: Quark) -> Option<QD>
where QD: 'static,

Retrieve previously set arbitrary data of this object with the given key. Read more
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unsafe fn set_data<QD>(&self, key: &str, value: QD)
where QD: 'static,

Set arbitrary data on this object with the given key. Read more
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unsafe fn data<QD>(&self, key: &str) -> Option<NonNull<QD>>
where QD: 'static,

Return previously set arbitrary data of this object with the given key. Read more
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unsafe fn steal_data<QD>(&self, key: &str) -> Option<QD>
where QD: 'static,

Retrieve previously set arbitrary data of this object with the given key. Read more
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fn block_signal(&self, handler_id: &SignalHandlerId)

Block a given signal handler. Read more
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fn unblock_signal(&self, handler_id: &SignalHandlerId)

Unblock a given signal handler.
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fn stop_signal_emission(&self, signal_id: SignalId, detail: Option<Quark>)

Stop emission of the currently emitted signal.
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fn stop_signal_emission_by_name(&self, signal_name: &str)

Stop emission of the currently emitted signal by the (possibly detailed) signal name.
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fn connect<F>( &self, signal_name: &str, after: bool, callback: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&[Value]) -> Option<Value> + Send + Sync + 'static,

Connect to the signal signal_name on this object. Read more
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fn connect_id<F>( &self, signal_id: SignalId, details: Option<Quark>, after: bool, callback: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&[Value]) -> Option<Value> + Send + Sync + 'static,

Connect to the signal signal_id on this object. Read more
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fn connect_local<F>( &self, signal_name: &str, after: bool, callback: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&[Value]) -> Option<Value> + 'static,

Connect to the signal signal_name on this object. Read more
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fn connect_local_id<F>( &self, signal_id: SignalId, details: Option<Quark>, after: bool, callback: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&[Value]) -> Option<Value> + 'static,

Connect to the signal signal_id on this object. Read more
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unsafe fn connect_unsafe<F>( &self, signal_name: &str, after: bool, callback: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&[Value]) -> Option<Value>,

Connect to the signal signal_name on this object. Read more
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unsafe fn connect_unsafe_id<F>( &self, signal_id: SignalId, details: Option<Quark>, after: bool, callback: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&[Value]) -> Option<Value>,

Connect to the signal signal_id on this object. Read more
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fn connect_closure( &self, signal_name: &str, after: bool, closure: RustClosure ) -> SignalHandlerId

Connect a closure to the signal signal_name on this object. Read more
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fn connect_closure_id( &self, signal_id: SignalId, details: Option<Quark>, after: bool, closure: RustClosure ) -> SignalHandlerId

Connect a closure to the signal signal_id on this object. Read more
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fn watch_closure(&self, closure: &impl AsRef<Closure>)

Limits the lifetime of closure to the lifetime of the object. When the object’s reference count drops to zero, the closure will be invalidated. An invalidated closure will ignore any calls to invoke_with_values, or invoke when using Rust closures.
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fn emit<R>(&self, signal_id: SignalId, args: &[&dyn ToValue]) -> R

Emit signal by signal id. Read more
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fn emit_with_values(&self, signal_id: SignalId, args: &[Value]) -> Option<Value>

Same as Self::emit but takes Value for the arguments.
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fn emit_by_name<R>(&self, signal_name: &str, args: &[&dyn ToValue]) -> R

Emit signal by its name. Read more
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fn emit_by_name_with_values( &self, signal_name: &str, args: &[Value] ) -> Option<Value>

Emit signal by its name. Read more
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fn emit_by_name_with_details<R>( &self, signal_name: &str, details: Quark, args: &[&dyn ToValue] ) -> R

Emit signal by its name with details. Read more
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fn emit_by_name_with_details_and_values( &self, signal_name: &str, details: Quark, args: &[Value] ) -> Option<Value>

Emit signal by its name with details. Read more
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fn emit_with_details<R>( &self, signal_id: SignalId, details: Quark, args: &[&dyn ToValue] ) -> R

Emit signal by signal id with details. Read more
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fn emit_with_details_and_values( &self, signal_id: SignalId, details: Quark, args: &[Value] ) -> Option<Value>

Emit signal by signal id with details. Read more
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fn disconnect(&self, handler_id: SignalHandlerId)

Disconnect a previously connected signal handler.
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fn connect_notify<F>(&self, name: Option<&str>, f: F) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&T, &ParamSpec) + Send + Sync + 'static,

Connect to the notify signal of the object. Read more
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fn connect_notify_local<F>(&self, name: Option<&str>, f: F) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&T, &ParamSpec) + 'static,

Connect to the notify signal of the object. Read more
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unsafe fn connect_notify_unsafe<F>( &self, name: Option<&str>, f: F ) -> SignalHandlerId
where F: Fn(&T, &ParamSpec),

Connect to the notify signal of the object. Read more
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fn notify(&self, property_name: &str)

Notify that the given property has changed its value. Read more
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fn notify_by_pspec(&self, pspec: &ParamSpec)

Notify that the given property has changed its value. Read more
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fn downgrade(&self) -> WeakRef<T>

Downgrade this object to a weak reference.
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fn add_weak_ref_notify<F>(&self, f: F) -> WeakRefNotify<T>
where F: FnOnce() + Send + 'static,

Add a callback to be notified when the Object is disposed.
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fn add_weak_ref_notify_local<F>(&self, f: F) -> WeakRefNotify<T>
where F: FnOnce() + 'static,

Add a callback to be notified when the Object is disposed. Read more
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fn bind_property<'a, 'f, 't, O>( &'a self, source_property: &'a str, target: &'a O, target_property: &'a str ) -> BindingBuilder<'a, 'f, 't>
where O: ObjectType,

Bind property source_property on this object to the target_property on the target object. Read more
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fn ref_count(&self) -> u32

Returns the strong reference count of this object.
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unsafe fn run_dispose(&self)

Runs the dispose mechanism of the object. Read more
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impl<T> Property for T
where T: HasParamSpec,

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type Value = T

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impl<T> PropertyGet for T
where T: HasParamSpec,

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type Value = T

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fn get<R, F>(&self, f: F) -> R
where F: Fn(&<T as PropertyGet>::Value) -> R,

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impl<T> StaticTypeExt for T
where T: StaticType,

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fn ensure_type()

Ensures that the type has been registered with the type system.
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impl<T> ToOwned for T
where T: Clone,

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type Owned = T

The resulting type after obtaining ownership.
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fn to_owned(&self) -> T

Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning. Read more
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fn clone_into(&self, target: &mut T)

Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning. Read more
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impl<T> TransparentType for T

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impl<T, U> TryFrom<U> for T
where U: Into<T>,

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type Error = Infallible

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_from(value: U) -> Result<T, <T as TryFrom<U>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
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impl<T> TryFromClosureReturnValue for T
where T: for<'a> FromValue<'a> + StaticType + 'static,

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impl<T, U> TryInto<U> for T
where U: TryFrom<T>,

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type Error = <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_into(self) -> Result<U, <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
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impl<'a, T, C, E> FromValueOptional<'a> for T
where T: FromValue<'a, Checker = C>, C: ValueTypeChecker<Error = ValueTypeMismatchOrNoneError<E>>, E: Error + Send + 'static,

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impl<Super, Sub> MayDowncastTo<Sub> for Super
where Super: IsA<Super>, Sub: IsA<Super>,